Mortise-and-tenon Joints
<p>The tenon in its simplest form is made by dividing the end of a piece of wood into three parts and cutting out rectangular pieces on both sides of the part left in the middle. The mortise is the rectangular hole cut to receive the tenon and is mad... Oval Turning
<p>Oval work as a problem in turning will be found to be a very good one as well as interesting to the pupil. It brings in the principle of the oval as used in ordinary shop practice; (arcs from points on the major and minor axes). For thick heavy oval... Planes
<p>The <em>plane</em> is a modified chisel. The chief difference in action between a chisel and a plane in paring is this: the back of the chisel lies close down on the surface of the wood that is cut, and acts as a guide; whereas, in the plane, the c... Points On Setting Up Lathe And Shafting
<p>The counter shaft should be about 7' above the lathe. A distance of 6' from the center of the shaft to the center of the spindle is sufficient. In setting a lathe or hanging a counter shaft it is necessary that both be level. The counter shaft must... Position Of The Operator
<p>The operator stands firmly on the floor back far enough from the lathe to allow him to pass the tools from right to left in front of his body without changing </a>the position of the feet. It may be found convenient to turn slightly, bringing the l... Pounding Tools
<p>The <em>hammer</em> consists of two distinct parts, the head and the handle. The head is made of steel, so hard that it will not be indented by hitting against nails or the butt of nailsets, punches, etc., which are comparatively soft. It can easil... Practical Suggestions For Storing Lumber
<p>Under the hasty methods prevalent in the mill, very little wood comes to the shop well seasoned, and it should therefore be carefully stored before using, so as to have the fullest possible air circulation around it. Where the boards are large enou... Principles Of Joinery11
<p>Footnote 11: Professor Rankine's Five Principles:</p> <p>1. To cut the joints and arrange the fastenings so as to weaken the pieces of timber they connect as little as possible.</p> <p>2. To place each abutting surface in a joint as nearly as possi... Rules For Finding The Speeds And Sizes Of Pulleys
<p>1. To find the diameter of the driving pulley:</a></p> <p>Multiply the diameter of the driven by the number of revolutions it should make and divide the product by the number of revolutions of the driver. (20 x 300 = 6000; 6000 &divide; 1500 = 4&qu... Sawmilling
<p>The principal saws in a mill are of three kinds, the circular, Fig. 32, the gang, Fig. 33, and the band, Fig. 34. The circular-saw, tho very rapid, is the most wasteful because of the wide kerf, and of course the larger the saw the thicker it is an... Saws
<div><img src="/images/Handwork/086-350.png" alt="Fig. 86. Hand Saw." width="350" height="117" /><br /> <br /> Fig. 86. Hand Saw.</div> <p>The object of the saw is to cut thru a piece of material along a determined line. Its efficiency depends... Scraping Tools
<p>Scraping tools are of such nature that they can only abrade or smooth surfaces.</p> <div><a href="/images/Handwork/142-148-800.png"><img src="/images/Handwork/142-148-600.png" alt="Fig. 142. Auger-Bit-File. Fig. 143. Single-Cut Blunt, Flat, Bastard ... Screws
<p>(a) <em>Wood-screws</em>, Fig. 229, may be classified by the material of which they are made; as, steel or brass. Steel screws may be either bright,&mdash;the common finish,&mdash;blued by heat or acid to hinder rusting, tinned, or bronzed. Brass s... Seasoning
<p>The seasoning of wood is important for several reasons. It reduces weight, it increases strength, it prevents changes in volume after it is worked into shape, and it prevents checking and decay. Decay can also be prevented by submergence and buryin... Sharpening Tools
<p>The <em>grindstone</em> for woodworking tools is best when rather fine and soft. The grinding surface should be straight and never concave. The stone should run as true as possible. It can be made true by using a piece of 1" gas pipe as a truing to...

Spiral Turning Holding Tools Seasoning Glue Oval Turning Wood Finishing Bolts Hinges

Points On Setting Up Lathe And Shafting Tool Processes In Face-plate And Chuck Turning Adjusting The Tool Rest The Common Joints Use Of The Tools In Spindle Turning Wood Measurements Practical Suggestions For Storing Lumber The Care Of The Woodworking Shop