Care Of The Lathe
The lathe should be oiled every day before starting. At the end of the period the lathe should be brushed clean of all chips and shavings, after which it should be rubbed off with a piece of waste or cloth to remove all surplus oil. All tools should be wiped clean and put in their proper places. If a student finds that his lathe is not running as it should, he should first call the attention of the instructor to that fact before attempting to adjust it; and then only such adjustments should be made as the instructor directs.
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Adjusting The Tool Rest
<p>Horizontally the tool rest should be set about ⅛" from the farthest projecting corner of the wood and should be readjusted occasionally as the stock diminishes in size. The vertical height varies slightly according to the height of the o... Bolts
<p>Bolts with nuts are useful where great strength is desired. There are three chief varieties, Fig. 230.</p> <div><img src="/images/Handwork/230-200.png" alt="Fig. 230. a. Stove-bolt. b. Carriage-bolt. c. Machine-bolt." width="200" height="396"><br> ... Boring Tools
<p>Some boring tools, like awls, force the material apart, and some, like augers, remove material.</p> <p>The <em>brad-awl</em>, Fig. 125, is wedge-shaped, and hence care needs to be taken in using it to keep the edge across the grain so as to avoid ... Butt Joints
<p><em>No. 8. A doweled butt-joint</em> is made by inserting, with glue, dowel-pins into holes bored into the two members. The end of one member is butted against the face or edge of the other. It is used in cabinet-making where the presence of na... Care Of The Lathe
<p>The lathe should be oiled every day before starting. At the end of the period the lathe should be brushed clean of all chips and shavings, after which it should be rubbed off with a piece of waste or cloth to remove all surplus oil. All tools shoul... Chopping Tools
<p>The primitive celt, which was hardly more than a wedge, has been differentiated into three modern hand tools, the <em>chisel</em>, the <em>ax</em>, Fig. 139, and the <em>adze</em>, Fig. 141.</p> <p>The <em>ax</em> has also been differentiated into t... Cleaning Tools
<p>The <em>bench duster</em>. One may be noted hanging on the bench shown in Fig. 166. Bristle brushes for cleaning the benches are essential if the shop is to be kept tidy.</p> <p><em>Buffer</em>. Wherever a lathe or other convenient revolving shaft ... Dovetail Joints
<p>"Dovetail" refers to the shape of the projections of one member, when looked at broadside. These projections are called dovetails, or merely tails.</p> <p>The projections on the other member are called tenons or pins, and the spaces between both... Duplicate Turning
<p>Under the head of duplicate turning have been classified only such models as clearly indicate the necessity of making two or more articles to complete the model or set of articles desired. But it is not intended to convey the idea that other models... Equipment And Care Of The Shop
<p><em>Tool equipment</em>. The choice of tools in any particular shop best comes out of long experience. Some teachers prefer to emphasize certain processes or methods, others lay stress on different ones. The following tentative list is suggested fo... Face-plate And Chuck Turning
<p>Face-plate and chuck turning open an entirely new field of work from that taken up in previous chapters of this book. If handled correctly, it has much greater educational and practical value than cylinder turning. From the practical standpoint the... Finishing And Polishing
<p>To get a high and lasting polish on wood, the work must be first sanded so as to be perfectly smooth. In addition to this, open grained wood, such as oak, must be properly filled with a wood filler. If properly sharpened tools have been used very l... Glue
<p>Glue is an inferior kind of gelatin, and is of two kinds,—animal glue and fish glue. Animal glue is made of bones and trimmings, cuttings and fleshings from hides and skins of animals. Sinews, feet, tails, snouts, ears, and horn pith are also... Grinding And Whetting Turning Tools
<p>Skew Chisel</a></p> <p>The skew chisel is sharpened equally on both sides On this tool the cutting edge should form an angle of about 20° with one of the edges. The skew is used in cutting both to the right and to the left, and therefore, mus... Halving-joints
<p>A halved joint is one in which half the thickness of each member is notched out and the remaining portion of one just fits into the notch in the other, so that the upper and under surfaces of the members are flush.</p> <p><em>No. 14. A cross-lap... Heading Joints
<p><em>No. 1. A lapped and strapped joint</em> is made by laying the end of one timber over another and fastening them both together with bent straps on the ends of which are screws by which they may be tightened. It is a very strong joint and is us... Hinges
<p>Hinges, Fig. 233, are made in several forms. The most common are the butt-hinge or butt, the two leaves of which are rectangular, as in a door-hinge; the strap-hinge, the leaves of which are long and strap-shaped; the Tee-hinge, one leaf of which i... Hinging
<p>In setting the hinges of a box cover, first see that the cover fits the box exactly all the way around.</p> <p>In the case of a door, see that it fits its frame, evenly all the way around, but with a little play. To insure a tighter fit at the sw... Holding The Tools
<p>All tools should be held firmly but not rigidly. The right hand should grasp the handle at the extreme end for two reasons: first, to give as much leverage as possible so that the tool will not be thrown from the hands in case it should catch in th... Holding Tools
<h4>A. <em>Tools for Holding Work</em>.</h4> <p>The advance in ease of handworking may largely be measured by the facilities for holding materials or other tools. The primitive man used no devices for holding except his hands and feet. The Japanese, ...