Buttoning
: THE MITRED JOINTThe tops of tables, sideboards, etc., should not be fixed with screws in the ordinary way. At the front, screws can be driven upwards through the top rail, but at the sides and back, buttons should be employed, as in , so that the top is free to shrink. It is otherwise liable to split if immovably fixed. The tops of kitchen tables are usually fixed in this way, to allow for shrinkage.
Fig. 359.—Method of Buttoning a Table Top. 
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Acute Angle Hingeing
is a sectional plan of a corner cupboard showing a good method of hingeing the door. The inset <em>a</em> shows an enlarged view of the corner carrying the hinge, also the adaptor piece <em>c</em>, which is fitted to the inside edge of the cupboard ... Alignment
Another fault that is fairly common is having the axes of the hinges out of alignment. Especially is this the case when three hinges are used to hang a wardrobe or other large door. It is absolutely necessary in all cases that the exact centres of th... Angles
A most important point in the construction of a dovetail is to avoid having the angles of the pins and tails too acute. An inclination of one in eight is considered correct; no hard and fast rule need be obeyed, but the variation should on no account... Applications Of The Joint
is a sketch of a portion of a sideboard top, showing the plough groove ready worked out to receive the tongue; the other half of the top is treated in a similar manner. It will be noticed that the groove is not worked through the full length of the... Barefaced Tenons
illustrates the joint in its simplest form and shows a tenon having only one shoulder. This is called a barefaced tenon, and it will be noticed that the portion which carries the mortise is thicker than the rail on which the tenon is cut. The joint ... Birdsmouth Joints
is a "birdsmouth joint," a simple joint which can be readily made by the handsaw, used when a spar fits on the wall plate. A nail is shown securing it in position.</p> <p> shows the birdsmouth joint where the spar runs over the <em>outside</em> of ... Blind Lap-dovetailing
At is shown a type of blind lap-dovetailing. This makes a good, sound joint, but it has the disadvantage of showing a small portion of the timber of the front rail end-way of the grain. Joints of this kind are used for cornices, boxes, etc., and al... Boring Away Waste
Examine ; the shaded portion in the centre has to be cut away, and it will greatly facilitate the removal of this waste piece by boring a hole with a twist bit at the position shown. The twist bit should be about 1⁄8 in. less in diameter than ... Buttoning
The tops of tables, sideboards, etc., should not be fixed with screws in the ordinary way. At the front, screws can be driven upwards through the top rail, but at the sides and back, buttons should be employed, as in , so that the top is free to shr... Cabinet-work Joints
With regard to tongued and grooved joints which apply more particularly to the jointing of cabinet work, is produced by planes which are specially made for the purpose. One plane makes the tongue and another the groove. The handiest sizes to buy a... Centre Or Pivot Hinges
is a centre or pivot hinge, used on the top and bottom of wardrobe doors, more particularly the interior door of a three-winged wardrobe where the method of fixing is confined to the cornice and plinth. The flange carrying the pins or pivot is let ... Chinese Cross
shows a variation of the Chinese cross, which is perhaps the most fascinating of all woodwork puzzles. Take six pieces of hardwood and accurately plane and saw them so that each piece will measure 4 ins. by 1 in. by 1 in. Bearing in mind that all t... Chinese Puzzle
The ingenious puzzle of the Chinese type shown in is probably older than many of us could guess, but as it is one that can be made by any woodworker we give full directions as to how it may be constructed. The complete article may be called, in for... Chisel Work
After marking out, as shown at , place the wood on the bench and proceed to chop away the centre portion in the following manner. Hold the chisel on the bevel and cut out a small piece to form a channel at the gauge line. Now hold the chisel in a ver... Chiselling Away Waste
Fix your wood firmly in any suitable manner, vice or otherwise, and, holding your chisel tilted as at , pare away the blacked portion 1; then pare away the blacked portion 2; after which hold the chisel flat and by gradual operations pare away the do... Clamping
shows the method of tenoning drawing boards, desk tops and secretaire falls. This is commonly called clamping. The method is used to prevent wide surfaces from winding. A variation of the joint is shown at the left-hand side, the corners in this exa... Close Joint Hanging
The method known as "close joint hanging" ensures the joint at the hanging stile being in close proximity to the hanging rail; this is shown at . The first member of the architrave moulding is generally a bead of the same diameter as the k... Corner Joints
shows both a single loose tongue and a double solid tongue. Both are methods used to connect circular cornered work, such as a counter end, to the front framing.</p> <p> indicates a tongued and grooved joint suitable for edge or end jointing, such ... Corrugated Steel Fasteners
It is now many years ago since the steel saw-edge fastener first appeared on the market, but probably 80 per cent. of amateur woodworkers have never yet sampled its advantages.</p> <p>In appearance it resembles a miniature corrugated galvanised shee... Cot Joint
At is shown an interesting joint used largely in the making of Indian cots. The illustrations indicate how the cross bar and end bar are mortised into the leg. A turned hardwood peg fits into a suitably provided hole and locks the tenons, which are ... Cross Puzzle
illustrates a six-piece puzzle joint, similar in some respects to , but very much simpler. Both a back and front view of the piece D is shown for clearness of illustration. The method of assembling the pieces is as follows: Hold piece B upright, an... Curved Mitres
We now come to what are probably the most difficult of all mitres, viz., curved mitres, and the writer well remembers in his apprenticeship days his first experience of attempting to fit the mouldings around the door shown at by using straight mitr... Cutting The Shoulders
With regard to working the piece B, , place the wood against the bench stop or in the vice, and taking up a 3⁄4-in. chisel carefully cut away a small channel, as shown at ; treat the other shoulder lines in a similar manner. If the marking knif... Dovetail Grooving
<p>The dovetail housing joint should first be carefully marked out with a marking knife, so as to cut across the fibres of the wood. For obtaining the bevel on the edge of the wood a joiner's bevel may be used, and the angle should not be too acute. ...